Diamox SR (Sustained Release) is a prescription medication primarily used to treat certain types of glaucoma, a condition characterized by increased pressure in the eye, which can lead to vision loss. It is also used to manage and prevent symptoms of acute mountain sickness (AMS), which affects individuals when they ascend to high altitudes too quickly. Additionally, Diamox SR is prescribed for the treatment of specific types of seizures and edema (fluid retention) when other treatments have not been effective. The active ingredient in Diamox SR is acetazolamide, which belongs to a class of drugs known as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. This medication works by reducing the production of fluid in the eye and increasing the excretion of bicarbonate in the urine, thereby helping to lower blood pressure in the eye and adjust the body's acid-base balance. The sustained-release formulation allows for a more consistent release of the medication over time, potentially reducing side effects and improving patient compliance with the treatment regimen.