Viramune is a prescription medication primarily used in the treatment of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), which is the virus responsible for AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). The active ingredient in Viramune is nevirapine, which belongs to a class of drugs known as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). By directly inhibiting the action of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme crucial for the replication of HIV, Viramune helps to lower the amount of virus in the body and increase the number of immune cells (specifically CD4+ cells). This helps to slow down the progression of HIV infection, although it is not a cure. Viramune is often used in combination with other antiretroviral medications as part of an antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen to offer a more comprehensive approach to managing HIV.